The Culture Of Liberty, And Kanishka Chowdhury And The...

Cosmopolitan fiction, the most prominent strand of contemporary global Anglophone literature, gives us images of the â€Å"solution† to the violent history of colonization in a new era of a post-national cosmopolitan global culture brought about by â€Å"globalization†. In this purportedly new global era of a â€Å"hybrid† mixing of national cultures, the very idea of a â€Å"national identity† is deemed irrelevant in what Thomas Friedman calls â€Å"a flat world.† Some noteworthy cosmopolitan ideas can be seen in Bharati Mukherji’s â€Å"Orbiting,† in that the short story can be read as advocating a cosmopolitan world view. This, however, directly clashes with the ideas of globalization presented in Mario Vargas Llosa’s â€Å"The Culture of Liberty,† and Kanishka Chowdhury’s Globalization and the ideologies of Postnationalism and Hybridity.† Accordingly, Rana Dasgupta’s â€Å"The House of the Frankf urt Mapmaker† and The Reluctant Fundamentalist, by Moshin Hamid, critically challenge the cosmopolitan outlook as questionable fiction. Cosmopolitanism is the idea that everyone belongs to a worldwide community, that there is a hybridization amongst people that serves as a uniting factor and is almost synonymous with multiculturalism. This notion has been brought about by capitalists and the elites of society, who prefer a world without borders, which, in turn, enables unrestricted access to a plethora of markets and resources. Coincidentally, this only furthers to empower the World Bank and the IMF, two of the

Mental Disorders Associated During Sexual Abuse Survivors

Three Mental Disorders Associated in Sexual Abuse Survivors Victims of sexual abuse suffer from an array of issues, both physical and emotional. The most notable disorders are Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and depression. According to Dr. Debra Rose Wilson, a faculty member at Middle Tennessee State University School of Nursing, a child will be changed for the rest of their lives after suffering from sexual abuse (Wilson 56). She writes that sexual abuse can be defined as any type of encouragement an adult gives a child to gain any type of sexual favors from a child (Wilson 56). She states that survivors often have lifelong problems including both the emotional and physical aspects of their life (Wilson 56).†¦show more content†¦Zlotnick, Mattia, and Zimmerman established that patients with sexual abuse histories are likely to have extended bouts of depression (Wilson 58). Wilson writes that survivors of sexual abuse state that they have several problems including reduced communication, less trust, and little satisfaction in their relationships (Wilson 60). She states that histories of the abuse impact the survivors’ relationships in a negative manner (Wilson 60). According to Dr. Kim Dunleavy, from the Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, traumatic events such as physical violence, sexual abuse, or rape can prompt long-term physical and psychological health problems for survivors (Dunleavy 340). Dunleavy explains that survivors of sexual abuse may be psychologically diagnosed with â€Å"posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, depression, substance abuse, and suicidal tendencies as a primary diagnosis or comorbidities† (Dunleavy 340). Dunleavy stated that posttraumatic stress disorder is powerfully connected with a sexually traumatic event (Dunleavy 340). Dunleavy notes that symptoms set in after the abuse has taken place (Dunleavy 340). She also suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder is diagnosed when the symptoms of a person are present after four weeks from the time of the trauma (Dunleavy 340). She writes that posttraumatic stress disorder

Ethics Hw Week 6 Free Essays

string(58) " not report the harassment and suffered no tangible loss\." ETHICS HW WEEK 6 ————————————————- 1. | Question:| Teddy’s Supplies’ CEO has asked you to advise him on the facts of the case, and your opinion of their potential liability. Write a memo to him which states your view of whether the company is exposed to liability on all issues you feel are in play. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics Hw Week 6 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Include in your memo any laws which apply and any precedential cases either for or against Teddy’s case which impact liability. Include your opinion of the â€Å"worst case† of damages the company may have to pay to Virginia.   | Your Answer:| Memo to CEO: Your company is in fact in liability for negligence in protecting the best interest of your employee, Pollard. Even though she participated in many of the sexual harassment situations your upper management did anything to stop or report any of the activities they were aware of. The people put n charge failed the company and Ms Pollard by not being responsible and assuming just as much responsibility as she had in the situation. Per the EEO guidelines: An employer is always responsible for harassment by a supervisor that culminated in a tangible employment action. If the harassment did not lead to a tangible employment action, the employer is liable unless it proves that: 1) it exercised reasonable care to prevent and promptly correct any harassment; and 2) the employee unreasonably failed to complain to management or to avoid harm otherwise An individual qualifies as an employee’s â€Å"supervisor† if the individual has the authority to recommend tangible employment decisions affecting the employee or if the individual has the authority to direct the employee’s daily work activities. A â€Å"tangible employment action† means a significant change in employment status. Examples include hiring, firing, promotion, demotion, undesirable reassignment, a decision causing a significant change in benefits, compensation decisions, and work assignment Employers should establish, distribute to all employees, and enforce a policy prohibiting harassment and setting out a procedure for making complaints. In most cases, the policy and procedure should be in writing. Small businesses may be able to discharge their responsibility to prevent and correct harassment through less formal means. For example, if a business is sufficiently small that the owner maintains regular contact with all employees, the owner can tell the employees at staff meetings that harassment is prohibited, that employees should report such conduct promptly, and that a complaint can be brought â€Å"straight to the top. † If the business conducts a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation of any complaint that arises and undertakes swift and appropriate corrective action, it will have fulfilled its responsibility to â€Å"effectively prevent and correct harassment http://www. eoc. gov/policy/docs/harassment-facts. html By violating al of the above content we would recommend that Virginia be awarded damages for back pay, a psychological evaluation, a percentage of stocks/shares in the company for future earnings and action disciplinary to be taken against all parties involved| | | Points Received:| 25 of 30 | | Comments:| How did the management fail her? | 2. | Question:| The NJ Human R ights commission found that Pollard was the victim of Sexual Harassment and disparate treatment. Please answer these questions:   a. Provide the most current definition of â€Å"sexual harassment,† including a definition of quid pro quo and hostile environment sexual harassment. Name an appellate  court case where an employer was found liable for either quid pro quo or hostile environment sexual harassment. Describe the facts of the case, and the decision the court came to in the case. Include the citation to the case and a link to it online. Would the case apply to Pollard’s case? Why or why not? Would you want to use this case in Teddy’s favor or Pollard’s favor? (10 points)b. Explain which form of sexual harassment that you suspect NJ Human Rights commission found Virginia had been a victim of and why you feel that is the case. Provide law or a case to support your position. If you feel Pollard was not a victim of harassment in this case, explain why you feel that way, and provide law or a case to support your position;  Ã‚  (10 points)c. Explain what defenses to sexual harassment Teddy’s had in this case (Include the name and citation of  at least two  federal or state sexual harassment case(s) which provide precedential support to your defense statement. (10 points. )d. What is disparate treatment and why do you think the Human Rights commission found it had occurred? Do you agree with this decision? (10 points. )  |   | Your Answer:| A. The legal definition of sexual harrassment is a form of sex discrimination. The legal definition of sexual harassment is â€Å"unwelcome verbal, visual, or physical conduct of a sexual nature that is s evere or pervasive and affects working conditions or creates a hostile work environment. Quid pro quo, a Latin term meaning â€Å"this for that,† occurs when your boss offers you benefits, or threatens to change your working conditions, based on your response to his demands for sexual favors. â€Å"I’ll give you a raise if you go out with me†¦. † or â€Å"I’ll demote you if you don’t have sex with me† are examples of â€Å"quid pro quo† harassment. Hostile environment harassment occurs when physical, verbal, or visual sexual harassment is severe or pervasive enough to create a hostile or abusive work environment. This type of harassment does not require a loss or threat of loss of your job, or the promise of benefits. Comments about your body, sexual remarks, pornographic pictures displayed at the workplace, and touching and grabbing may all create a hostile work environment. In addition, the conduct must be unwelcome to you. If you like, want, or welcome the conduct, then you are not being sexually harassed. And if the conduct does not relate to your sex or have sexual references, it’s not sexual harassment. 1998 the Supreme Court decided in Ellerth v. Burlington Industries, No. 7-569 and Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, No. 97-282 that companies may be held vicariously liable if supervisors sexually harass workers even if the employees do not report the harassment and suffered no tangible loss. You read "Ethics Hw Week 6" in category "Papers" By making employers liable for supervisors’ sexual harassment encourages an employer, as no other regime does, to exercise the greatest p ossible care in screening prospective managers and in training, supervising and monitoring supervisory personnel. It gives employers an incentive to put effective policies and training programs in place. In fact, 54% of Fortune 500 employers admitted in one survey that fears of legal exposure prompted them to establish company policies against harassment. And experience has shown these policies and programs work. Companies that have implemented sexual harassment training programs have reported reduced numbers of claims that develop into lawsuits. http://www. hr-guide. com/data/A07202. htm yes this case would apply to pollards case because in this case too the sexual harassment was not being reported. The companies were too held liable for what was going on with their employers. B. I think they used the basic form of sexual haraasment in th eworkplcae because the boss did not threaten her with sexual advances but condonednthe mistreatment the other male employees had put on her. Even though she did not properly report the abuse I do feel that she was a victim because she encountered several incidents where her right swere violated. C. On June 26th, the U. S. Supreme Court decided the following two cases: Burlington Industries v. Ellerth Facts—The employee, Kimberly Ellerth, worked for Burlington Industries from March 1993-May 1994, as a salesperson in one of Burlington’s divisions in Chicago, Ill. During her employment, she claims she was subjected to constant sexual harassment by her supervisor, Ted Slowik. Slowik was a mid-level manager. Burlington has eight divisions, employing more than 22,000 people in 50 plants around the U. S. Slowick was a vice president in one of five business units within one of the divisions. He had authority to make hiring and promotion decisions subject to the approval of his supervisor, who signed the paperwork. Slowik was not Ellerth’s immediate supervisor. Ellerth worked in a two-person office in Chicago, and she answered to her colleague, who in turn answered to Slowik in New York. ttp://www. lkorn-law. com/articles/relevent/supreme_decides_sex_har. htm Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, and Burlington Industries Inc. v. Ellerth, the Supreme Court basically stated that the employer is responsible for the actions of the supervisor, even when the employer is unaware of the supervisor’s behavior. An employer can no longer claim that th ey did not know about the sexual harassment because the employee did not inform them, nor can they claim that they were unaware of the supervisor’s behavior. Out of the two cases listed above the first one is relevant to the case because even though she was disciplined for cell phone usage she was still sent to another area to be subjected to further humiliation by her male co-workers. The second case states where even though the Pollard did not reprt the abuse the supervisor was well aware of what was going on. D. Intentional discriminatory dealing with individuals having a disability or belonging to a particular group based on their age, ethnicity, race, or sex. The Human Rights commssion saw that Pollard was discriminated on due to her sex. Yes I fully agree with their decision. She should be awarded for all damages and future earnings. I would not want that particular job back but one in another area with maybe the same company. Read more: http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/disparate-treatment. html#ixzz17DKebnxM | | | Points Received:| 40 of 40 | | Comments:| Great that you answered all parts of the question! Also I like that you used the case in which the cell phone discipline took place while it was determined that harassment occurred. This shows that 2 wrongs do not make a right! | 3. Question:| The CEO asks you to review the sexual harassment policy currently in place, which Virginia signed. He wants you to provide him with suggestions for change to it. Review the policy and give three recommendations for changes, enhancements and ideas for making the policy stronger. Include your reasons for these suggestions. If you find information online for making these changes, include citations and/or links to t hat information. Explain how your suggestions may have protected Teddy’s in this case. Support these recommendations with current case law.   | Your Answer:| The contract signed by Virginia was vague. It also states that there will be a warning. She was terminated immediately. My suggestion would be to go further by having the employees attend sexual harassment training. They should also offer some type of support for their employees who think they are experiencing it or actually experiencing it. They should also make the supervisors and all employees aware of their no tolerance policy. â€Å"An employer should correct harassment that is clearly unwelcome regardless of whether a complaint is filed. For example, if there is graffiti in the workplace containing racial or sexual epithets, management should not wait for a complaint before erasing it. An employer should ensure that its supervisors and managers understand their responsibilities under the organization’s anti-harassment policy and complaint procedures. An employer should screen applicants for supervisory jobs to see if they have a history of engaging in harassment. If so, and the employer hires such a candidate, it must take steps to monitor actions taken by that individual in order to prevent harassment†. An employer should keep records of harassment complaints and check those records when a complaint of harassment is made to reveal any patterns of harassment by the same individuals. http://www. eeoc. gov/policy/docs/harassment-facts. html| | | Points Received:| 18 of 20 | | Comments:| How should the employer â€Å"support † employees? | 4. | Question:| How would Pollard’s case be impacted if her replacement had been a female? Would her case be different? Would her damages be different? Explain your answer.   | Your Answer:| Had Pollard been replaced by a female it would make her case weaker stating that it was her and her character in that position that caused the men to react the way that they did towards her. Replacing her with another male shows guilt on the companies side. Had they not been aware of the situation at hand or been doing something to avoid it, it wouldn’t have made a difference if they would have hired another female. Her case would have been different because had they hired another female would have shown them being less guilty of any of the accusations against them. ecause they did hire a male, made them look more cautious or even suspicious. I don’t know for sure if her damages would have been different but her case would have been. she was awarded damages on the jury thinking she was fired unlawfully. | | | Points Received:| 5 of 10 | | Comments:| Why do we blame the woman? The employer has a duty to protect its employees from harassment – that means the men MUST be required to abstain from harassment – not just work with all men. | Bottom of Form How to cite Ethics Hw Week 6, Papers

The dairy of anne frank Essay Example For Students

The dairy of anne frank Essay 1885 thru 1898 Governess for a Polish family 1891 Became a student at the Sorbonne in Paris 1894 Studied the magnetic properties of steel 1896 Studies the glowing rays with Be cer al 1898 Pierre joins her in the study of Polonium and Radium 1900-1906 Teaches Physics at a all girls school in Paris. 1903 Awarded doctoral of Physical Science degree from University of Paris 1903 Shared the Nobel prize in Psychics with Pierre and Bec er al 1904 Marie went with Pierre when he was hired by the Sorbonne as a professor 1906 Pierre killed in a accident and Marie takes over as a professor at the Sorbonne 1908 Marie became a full professor at the Sorbonne 1914 thru 1918 Help treat the wounded soldiers of WORLD WAR 1 1921 Came to the United States for a visit 1922 Elected to the French academy of Medicine 1929 Came back to the United States for another visit Marie Slowdoski Curie in her words. I was born in 1867 in Warsaw Poland. By 1878 my mother died of TB. I then went to private school in Poland but we were not allowed to speak Polish. We will write a custom essay on The dairy of anne frank specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One day the Russian inspector came to make sure that we were learning our lessons in Russian and not the forbidden polish language. When I was asked a question in Russian I answered back in perfect Russian much to the inspectors delight. The inspector didnt know that I spoke German, English and French also. From 1885 thru 1898 I was a governess for a Polish family, in 1891 I became a student at the Sorbonne in Paris. I met Pierre In 1894 at the Sorbonne. They wanted me to do a studied on the magnetic properties of steel. I did not have a place to do my study so a friend introduced me to Pierre Curie who managed a place where I could do my study. 1895 Pierre and I where married. 1896 I Studied the glowing rays in the pitch blend with my friend Bec er al and in 1897 I Coined the term Radio activity. Also our First child was born in 1897, we named her E Ren. By 1898 Pierre joins me in the study of Polonium and Radium. In the 1900s I taught Physics at a all girls school in Paris. In 1902 to our great joy I Isolates Radium, but that same year my Father dies. In 1903 Im Awarded Doctoral of Physical Science degree from University of Paris and in 1903 I Shared the Nobel prize in Psychics with Pierre and Bec er al. 1904 Pierre was hired by the Sorbonne as a professor and I decided to go back with him to the Sorbonne. Our second child Eve is born but our family life last only two more years, in 1906 Pierre fell in front of a horse drawn wagon and was killed. I am asked to takes over as a professor at the Sorbonne but it is not until 1908 that I become a full professor at the Sorbonne. In 1911 I receive the Nobel prize in Chemistry. 1914 thru 1918 I Help treat the wounded soldiers of WORLD WAR 1. 1922 I am elected to the French academy of Medicine and in 1934 I Dies of Radiation poisoning in France. Before I read this book I though Marie Curie would be a boring person to be. After I read the book I found out Marie was not so boring and is pretty exciting Three thing I learned where that Marie was the smartest girl at her private school, she was good friends with Albert Einstein, and she was the only person to get two Nobel prizes. I would recommend this book to anyone how wants to read about a grate person. I thought it was an OK book if you like biography. .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .postImageUrl , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:visited , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:active { border:0!important; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:active , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: About the Law Essay I dont like biography so I didnt like this book to much. 1934 Dies of Radiation poisoning in France Bibliography: .

Microsoft is acquiring LinkedIn! What do you think it means for you

Microsoft is acquiring LinkedIn! What do you think it means for you Today Microsoft and LinkedIn announced that Microsoft will be acquiring LinkedIn for $26.2 billion. LinkedIn shares jumped 47% following the news, while Microsoft shares slipped slightly by 3.2%. This deal comes on the heels of a weak performance by LinkedIn in the first part of the year, from which the social media platform was already starting to recover. I am no business acquisition expert, but I do see that Microsoft might benefit from a wide social networking platform. LinkedIn’s millions of members will give Microsoft a huge audience into which they can tap for their cloud business. For LinkedIn, the acquisition seems to be a boon. LinkedIn’s CEO and other employees will stay in place and the company will retain their autonomy, at least for now. I’d like to open up a discussion here. What do you think about this deal? What are the pros and cons for Microsoft? For LinkedIn? What do you think this new structure will mean for you as a LinkedIn user? What are your fears about having Microsoft as LinkedIn’s new owner? What might the future look like with Microsoft behind the curtain? Please share your thoughts and ideas in the comment area below!

Getting Fit Dialogue and Reading

Getting Fit Dialogue and Reading Getting fit in English refers to doing exercise in order to feel better and live a more healthy lifestyle. People often go to the gym to get in shape or get fit. While theyre at the gym theyll do a wide variety of exercises such as push-ups and sit-ups. Its important to always do stretching exercises as well, these should be done both before and after you go to the gym.   At they gym, youll fid lots of equipment such as weight lifting machines, exercise bikes, ellipticals, and treadmills. Most health clubs also offer jogging tracks and areas for aerobics, as well as classes in fitness activities such as Zumba, or spinning classes. Most gyms offer changing rooms nowadays. Some even have whirlpools, steam rooms, and saunas to help you relax and unwind your muscles after a long hard workout. The important thing to remember when getting fit is that you need to be consistent. In other words, youll need to go to the gym on a regular basis. Maybe three or four times a week. Its a good idea to do a wide range of exercises rather than focus on just one such as weight lifting. For example, do fifteen minutes of stretching and aerobics, combined with a half hour of bike riding and another fifteen minutes of weight lifting on two days of the week. On the other two, play some basketball, go jogging and use the elliptical. Varying your routine will help keep you coming back, as well as help keep your whole body fit.   In the Gym Dialogue Hello, my name is Jane and Id like to ask a few questions about getting fit.Hi, Jane. What can I do for you? I need to get in shape.Well, youve come to the right place. Have you been doing any exercise lately? Im afraid not.OK. Well start off slow. Which type of exercise do you enjoy doing? I like doing aerobics, but I hate jogging. I dont mind doing some weight-lifting, though.Great, that gives us plenty to work with. How often can you work out? Twice or three times a week would be good.Why dont we start with an aerobics class twice a week followed by a little weight lifting? Sounds fine to me.Youll need to start slowly and build up gradually to three or four times a week. OK. What kind of equipment will I need?Youll need a leotard and some sneakers. Is that all? How do I sign up for the classes?Well need you to join the gym and then you can choose which classes fit your schedule best. Great! I cant wait to get started. Thanks for your advice.No problem. Ill see you in aerobics class! Key Vocabulary from Reading and Dialogue (do) exerciseadviceaerobicschanging roomellipticalequipmentexercise bikeget fit  get in shape  joggingjoinleotardpush up  saunasign upsit-upsneakersspinning classsteam roomstretchingtreadmillunwindweight lifting machinesweight liftingwhirlpool  Zumba More Intermediate Level Dialogues Making SuggestionsOn the TelephoneSeeing a DoctorDescribing a Friend - Uses of Like

See attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

See attachment - Essay Example At first, I will simply count the matchsticks to determine the number in each of Gemma's patterns. I want to find a way to accurately establish the number of matchsticks in a set of patterns without having to physically count them, especially for large diagrams. I think this method will most likely result in a formula. To start with, I will answer the first task which instructs me to determine how many matchsticks are in each of Gemma's pictures. My method will be to simply count the number of matchsticks in each diagram, so that I can have a basis for comparing the number of matchsticks in each pattern and then investigate how they relate to the number of matchsticks in patterns with different widths. I can show my initial results as follows: I notice that there is a relationship between the width of the pattern and the number of matchsticks used. Obviously, as the picture gets wider, more matchsticks are used; but they are not in a direct relationship. In a direct relationship, if a diagram that is one matchstick wide has 6 matchsticks, then it could be expected that one that is 2 matchsticks wide would have 12, and one that is 3 matchsticks wide would have 18. Mathematically, this could be expressed as the number of matchsticks (n) is equal to 6 times the number of widths (w), or: n=6(w). This formula works for the first picture, but is not accurate for the other two. Clearly, there is a relationship of increasing linear proportions, but it is made more complicated by the fact that each pattern of matchsticks shares a common side. This explains why the sequence is not 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36. Any mathematical or formula representation will have to account for the fact that after the first unit, each additional unit of width lacks the two matchsticks it has in common with its neighbor. I think I should use algebra to try and explain this relationship because it is useful in understanding quantitative relationships, and I think a simple linear function will work. The first unit of 1 width has six matchsticks. A second unit (or 2 widths) would share two of those matchsticks already in place and add four more. It would look like this: || ||| |_| 6 Matchsticks |_|_| 10 Matchsticks If the formula can account for the initial width having 6 matchsticks and all other additions having four, it would be a reliable expression. This could be accomplished by representing the total number of matchsticks as a function of the first width having six and all others having four. By simply adding the number of the first width